Negative reinforcement via motivational withdrawal is the driving force behind the transition to addiction
- PMID: 24923982
- PMCID: PMC8278497
- DOI: 10.1007/s00213-014-3623-1
Negative reinforcement via motivational withdrawal is the driving force behind the transition to addiction
Comment in
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A general theory of transition to addiction it was and a general theory of transition to addiction it is: reply to the commentaries of Ahmed, Badiani, George & Koob, Kalivas & Gipson, and Tiffany.Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2014 Oct;231(19):3929-37. doi: 10.1007/s00213-014-3628-9. Epub 2014 Jun 8. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2014. PMID: 24908270 Free PMC article. No abstract available.
Comment on
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A multistep general theory of transition to addiction.Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2013 Oct;229(3):387-413. doi: 10.1007/s00213-013-3224-4. Epub 2013 Aug 21. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2013. PMID: 23963530 Free PMC article.
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