Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2014 Oct;5(5):538-42.
doi: 10.1007/s12975-014-0351-0. Epub 2014 Jun 15.

Hemorrhage rates and risk factors in the natural history course of brain arteriovenous malformations

W Caleb Rutledge  1 , Nerissa U Ko, Michael T Lawton, Helen Kim
Affiliations
Review

Hemorrhage rates and risk factors in the natural history course of brain arteriovenous malformations

W Caleb Rutledge et al. Transl Stroke Res. 2014 Oct.

Abstract

Brain arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are abnormal connections of arteries and veins, resulting in arteriovenous shunting of blood. Primary medical therapy is lacking; treatment options include surgery, radiosurgery, and embolization, often in combination. Judicious selection of AVM patients for treatment requires balancing risk of treatment complications against the risk of hemorrhage in the natural history course. This review focuses on the epidemiology, hemorrhage risk, and factors influencing risk of hemorrhage in the untreated natural course associated with sporadic brain AVM.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of Interest

W. Caleb Rutledge, Nerissa U. Ko, Michael T. Lawton, and Helen Kim declare that they have no conflict of interest.

References

    1. van Beijnum J, Lovelock CE, Cordonnier C, Rothwell PM, Klijn CJ, Salman RA. Outcome after spontaneous and arteriovenous malformation-related intracerebral haemorrhage: population-based studies. Brain. 2009;132(Pt 2):537–43. - PubMed
    1. Fults D, Kelly DL., Jr Natural history of arteriovenous malformations of the brain: a clinical study. Neurosurgery. 1984;15(5):658–62. - PubMed
    1. Brown RD, Jr, Wiebers DO, Forbes G, O’Fallon WM, Piepgras DG, Marsh WR, et al. The natural history of unruptured intracranial arteriovenous malformations. J Neurosurg. 1988;68(3):352–7. - PubMed
    1. Al-Shahi R, Fang JS, Lewis SC, Warlow CP. Prevalence of adults with brain arteriovenous malformations: a community based study in Scotland using capture-recapture analysis. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2002;73(5):547–51. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Berman MF, Sciacca RR, Pile-Spellman J, Stapf C, Connolly ES, Jr, Mohr JP, et al. The epidemiology of brain arteriovenous malformations. Neurosurgery. 2000;47(2):389–96. - PubMed

Publication types

MeSH terms