Olanzapine in the treatment of depression with psychotic features: A prospective open-label study

Abstract

Objective. Depression with psychotic features is a severe subtype of major depression associated with the presence of delusions, hallucinations and specific neurobiological features. Despite clinical consensus and guideline recommendations, data comparing the efficacy of combining antipsychotics with antidepressants compared to antidepressants alone remain inconclusive. The aim of the study was to investigate effectiveness and tolerability of the atypical antipsychotic olanzapine in acute depression with psychotic features. Methods. Seventeen inpatients with major depressive disorder with psychosis (MDDp) were treated with a combination of an antidepressant and olanzapine for 6 weeks in a prospective open-label study. Depressive and psychotic symptoms, extrapyramidal and general side effects were assessed every 2 weeks. Sixteen patients were eligible for final analysis. Results. The Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) showed a 30% symptom reduction after week 2, a 45% symptom reduction after week 4 and no considerable improvement thereafter. Depressive symptoms (Bech-Rafaelsen Melancholia Scale, BRMS) receded by 37% after week 2 and 50% after week 4. No extrapyramidal side effects occurred. Conclusion. Olanzapine is effective and tolerable in combination with an antidepressant in an MDDp inpatient sample. The results concur with data supporting good efficacy in negative and depressive symptoms of patients with schizophrenic and schizoaffective diseases.

Keywords: Delusional depression; antidepressants; atypical antipsychotics; combination treatment; extrapyramidal side effects; olanzapine.