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Review
. 2014 Jun 15;5(3):364-71.
doi: 10.4239/wjd.v5.i3.364.

Adrenomedullin and diabetes

Hoi Kin Wong  1 , Fai Tang  1 , Tsang Tommy Cheung  1 , Bernard Man Yung Cheung  1
Affiliations
Review

Adrenomedullin and diabetes

Hoi Kin Wong et al. World J Diabetes. .

Abstract

Adrenomedullin (ADM) is a peptide hormone widely expressed in different tissues, especially in the vasculature. Apart from its vasodilatatory and hypotensive effect, it plays multiple roles in the regulation of hormonal secretion, glucose metabolism and inflammatory response. ADM regulates insulin balance and may participate in the development of diabetes. The plasma level of ADM is increased in people with diabetes, while in healthy individuals the plasma ADM concentration remains low. Plasma ADM levels are further increased in patients with diabetic complications. In type 1 diabetes, plasma ADM level is correlated with renal failure and retinopathy, while in type 2 diabetes its level is linked with a wider range of complications. The elevation of ADM level in diabetes may be due to hyperinsulinemia, oxidative stress and endothelial injury. At the same time, a rise in plasma ADM level can trigger the onset of diabetes. Strategies to reduce ADM level should be explored so as to reduce diabetic complications.

Keywords: Adrenomedullin; Diabetes; Diabetic complications; Hyperglycemia; Therapeutics.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Adrenomedullin concentrations in blood serum from type 2 diabetic patients (in squares) and normal controls (in triangles), shaded squares are outliers. Reprinted from [63].
Figure 2
Figure 2
Glucose tolerance test in obese diabetic SHR/N-cp rats after injection of saline (squares), adrenomedullin (triangles) and anti-adrenomedullin monoclonal antibody MoAb-G6 (circles). Black spots indicates point with significant difference compared with saline controls. Modified and reprinted from [63].
Figure 3
Figure 3
Effects of different disease stresses on subsequent adrenomedullin production and plasma adrenomedullin levels, and the possible roles of increased adrenomedullin levels in type 2 diabetes. ADM: Adrenomedullin.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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