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Review
. 2014 Mar;23(1):1-10.
doi: 10.1055/s-0033-1349162.

Coronary arteriovenous fistulae: a review

Dimitris Challoumas  1 , Agamemnon Pericleous  1 , Inetzi A Dimitrakaki  2 , Christos Danelatos  3 , Georgios Dimitrakakis  4
Affiliations
Review

Coronary arteriovenous fistulae: a review

Dimitris Challoumas et al. Int J Angiol. 2014 Mar.

Abstract

Coronary arteriovenous fistulae are a coronary anomaly, presenting in 0.002% of the general population. Their etiology can be congenital or acquired. We present a review of recent literature related to their epidemiology, etiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnostic approach, and therapeutic management.

Keywords: arteriovenous fistula; cardiac catheterization; cardiac surgery; cardiovascular disease; coronary artery; fistula; symptomatic.

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Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Proposed diagnostic protocol for adult patients who are at risk for coronary artery anomalies. CXR, chest X-ray; ECG, electrocardiogram; echo, echocardiogram; F/U, follow-up; IVUS, intravascular ultrasound; neg., negative; pos., positive; PTCA, percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty; Rx, treatment; TMT, treadmill test; TTE, transthoracic echocardiogram. (Adapted from Angelini.)
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Reformatted computed tomography scan showing the involvement of the right coronary, the left anterior descending and the circumflex coronary arteries as well as the vascular “lakes”. Reproduced by Dimitrakakis G, Von Oppell U, Luckraz H, Groves P. Surgical repair of triple coronary-pulmonary artery fistulae with associated atrial septal defect and aortic valve regurgitation. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2008;7(5):933–934
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Transverse computed tomography scan thorax with contrast showing the coronary arterio-venous malformations (CAV) and the fistulous (F) opening within the pulmonary artery. AO, aorta; PA, pulmonary artery. Reproduced by Dimitrakakis G, Von Oppell U, Luckraz H, Groves P. Surgical repair of triple coronary-pulmonary artery fistulae with associated atrial septal defect and aortic valve regurgitation. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2008;7(5):933–934
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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