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. 2014 Sep;19(5):214-20.
doi: 10.1179/1351000214Y.0000000096. Epub 2014 Jun 19.

Cissus quadrangularis extract attenuates hyperglycaemia-mediated oxidative stress in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

R K Lekshmi, B T Divya, S Mini

Cissus quadrangularis extract attenuates hyperglycaemia-mediated oxidative stress in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

R K Lekshmi et al. Redox Rep. 2014 Sep.

Abstract

Objective: Hyperglycaemia-mediated oxidative stress plays a major role in the progression of diabetic complications. This study was aimed at evaluating the beneficial effects of Cissus quadrangularis stem extract on antioxidant/oxidant status in diabetes mellitus.

Materials and methods: The antioxidant activities of an ethyl acetate fraction of Cissus quadrangularis stem (CQSF) at three different doses (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg body weight) were evaluated in rats with experimentally induced diabetes. High performance liquid chromatography analysis was carried out to identify the active components present in the plant fraction.

Results: Induction of diabetes caused deleterious effects including hyperglycaemia, liver dysfunction, significant decline in antioxidants and elevated lipid peroxidation indices. C. quadrangularis supplementation significantly improved insulin sensitivity, reduced liver damage, and oxidative changes, and brought back the antioxidants towards normal. Histopathological analysis of the liver also reinforced our findings. Pronounced changes were observed at the doses 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight. In addition, high performance liquid chromatography analysis of C. quadrangularis fraction revealed the presence of quercetin.

Discussion: This study suggests an anti-diabetic potential of CQSF, mediated through the modulation of the antioxidant defence system. The ethyl acetate fraction of Cissus quadrangularis is rich in quercetin and this indicates that the supplementation of CQSF might be beneficial as a food supplement for the attenuation of diabetic complications.

Keywords: Antioxidants; Cissus quadrangularis; Diabetes mellitus; Lipid peroxidation; Oxidative stress; Reactive oxygen species.

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Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Fasting blood glucose levels. Values are expressed as mean ± SD of six rats in each group. aStatistically significant as compared to normal group. b,cStatistically significant as compared to diabetic group.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Plasma insulin levels. Values are expressed as mean ± SD of six rats in each group. aStatistically significant as compared to normal group. b,cStatistically significant as compared to diabetic group.
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
Activities of toxicity markers in liver. Values are expressed as mean ± SD of six rats in each group. aStatistically significant as compared to normal group. bStatistically significant as compared to diabetic group.
Figure 4.
Figure 4.
Histology of liver in experimental rats after 45 days of treatment. (I) Normal control – normal liver showing normal hepatic cells. (II) Diabetic control – showed extensive hepatocellular damage in the form of mild inflammation, sinusoidal dilation, fatty changes, and extensive vacuolization with disappearance of nuclei. (III), (IV), and (V) Diabetic + CQSF – shows only mild inflammation and there is restoration of normal tissue morphology.
Figure 5.
Figure 5.
(A) High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) chromatogram of CQSF at 275 nm using the solvents methanol and acetonitrile 1:1 ratio at a flow rate of 1.00 ml/minute. Quercetin standard chromatogram was given in (B).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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