Review of twin pregnancies with single fetal death: management, maternal and fetal outcome

Abstract

Aim: To study management and maternal and fetal outcome in single fetal death in twin pregnancies.

Materials and methods: We studied 64 (1.37 %) twin deliveries out of a total of 4,655 deliveries in GMC, Haldwani (Uttrakhand). Out of them, 5 (7.81 %) were complicated with single fetal death in the second or third trimester. These cases were managed conservatively with regular monitoring of maternal coagulation profile along with intensive fetal surveillance for the surviving twin. The cases were studied for antenatal complications and placental chorionicity with placental histopathology and postmortem of the dead fetus. Neonatal and maternal outcome in the postpartum period was also studied.

Results: No antenatal complications were present in four out of five cases with one having PIH. Three out of five pregnancies could be extended to term and had no maternal complications. The other fetus could be salvaged in three and all of them had a normal neonatal period. One pregnancy ended in preterm labor with delivery of a preterm baby which could not be saved. One resulted in death of the other fetus also where pregnancy was remote from term.

Conclusions: Although our study was small, it indicates that in case of twin pregnancy with single fetal death with good surveillance, the live fetus can be salvaged.

Keywords: Monoamniotic; Monozygotic; Single fetal death; Twin pregnancy (TP).