MTA pulpotomy as an alternative to root canal treatment in children's permanent teeth in a dental public health setting

Abstract

Objective: This prospective clinical study evaluated the success of vital pulpotomy treatment for permanent teeth with closed apices using mineral trioxide aggregates (MTA) in a dental public health setting.

Methods: Twenty-seven mature permanent first molars and 2 premolars (in 25 patients) with carious exposure were treated using MTA pulpotomy. Age of patients ranged from 10- to 15-years (mean=13.2±1.74-years). Four trained and calibrated practitioners performed the same clinical procedure for all patients. Following isolation and caries removal, the inflamed pulp tissue was completely removed from the pulp chamber. This was followed by irrigation with 2% sodium hypochlorite. Haemostasis was achieved using a cotton pellet damped in normal saline. A white MTA paste was placed against the pulp orifices. MTA was covered with a damped cotton pellet and a base of IRM. Patients were recalled after 1 day where a glass ionomer liner and a final restoration were placed. Teeth were evaluated clinically and radiographically for up to 47 months.

Results: Mean follow-up period for all teeth was 25±14 months. Twenty-six of the 29 teeth were clinically asymptomatic with no evidence of periradicular or root pathology during the follow-up period. The estimated success rate was 90%. Three teeth presented with clinical symptoms of pain and radiographic evidence of periradicular pathology that indicated root canal treatment (RCT) or extraction.

Conclusion: When managing carious pulp exposures of permanent teeth with closed root apices in children, MTA pulpotomy showed a high success rate.

Clinical significance: MTA pulpotomy for permanent molars in children is a viable alternative to RCT.

Keywords: Carious exposure; Children; MTA; Permanent teeth; Pulpotomy.