Osteopenia and osteoporosis in patients with new diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease

Abstract

Aim: The decrease in bone density may occur as a result of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Studies conducted on this issue generally focused on treated IBD patients. It is thus difficult to discriminate the role of disease from the effect of therapy on bone density reduction. We evaluated the prevalence of osteopenia/osteoporosis and abnormalities in indices of bone metabolism in patients with newly diagnosed IBD.

Methods: Evaluation of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) at the lumbar spine and intact parathormone (PTH), 25-hydroxy vitamin D and urinary cross-links, on 37 (26 females, median age 35.6±14.5 years) consecutive patients.

Results: Sixteen of 37 patients (43%) had normal DXA, 17 (46%) were osteopenic and 4 (11%) osteoporotics. Most male patients >30 years (63%) old as well as young women (62%) had osteopenia/osteoporosis. Mean value of intact-PTH was significantly higher in women >50 years (55.0±18.1 pg/mL) compared with those aged 16-20 years (30.0±14.6 pg/mL) (P=0.042). Furthermore, there was a significant difference between mean value of 25-hydroxy vitamin D in women >50 years old (16.2±4.7 ng/mL) compared to those aged 21-30 years (26.6±7.9 ng/mL) (P=0.041). Intact-PTH was significantly higher in osteoporotic patients (55.7±12.7 pg/mL) compared to normal subjects (28.3±13.0 pg/mL) (P=0.0014).

Conclusion: High prevalence of osteopenia/osteoporosis was observed in this population. On the basis of these data, we propose to perform DXA in male patients aged >30 years and in all women with new diagnosis of IBD.