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. 2014 Sep;11(5):335-42.
doi: 10.1177/1479164114539713. Epub 2014 Jul 3.

Haptoglobin genotype and cerebrovascular disease incidence in type 1 diabetes

Tina Costacou  1 , Aaron M Secrest  2 , Robert E Ferrell  3 , Trevor J Orchard  4
Affiliations

Haptoglobin genotype and cerebrovascular disease incidence in type 1 diabetes

Tina Costacou et al. Diab Vasc Dis Res. 2014 Sep.

Abstract

Objective: We prospectively evaluated the haptoglobin (Hp)-stroke association in type 1 diabetes and hypothesized that despite increasing the risk of coronary artery disease, the presence of the Hp 2 allele would be associated with a lower incidence of stroke.

Methods: Participants from the Epidemiology of Diabetes Complications study without prevalent stroke and Hp available were evaluated (n = 607; mean age 27.6 years and duration 19.3 years).

Results: During 22 years of follow-up, stroke incidence did not differ by Hp genotype (p = 0.49). Restricting analyses to those diagnosed with diabetes ≥1965 (13% mortality vs 40% in the <1965 cohort) to diminish potential survival bias, the adjusted hazard ratio (HR) for Hp 1-1 was 3.08 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.81-11.77, p = 0.10). Further stratifying by hypertension prevalence, an increased stroke incidence was observed with Hp 1-1 only in those with hypertension (HR = 7.03, 95% CI = 1.42-34.89, p = 0.02).

Conclusion: Despite the protective effect against vascular diabetes complications, a borderline increased risk of stroke was observed with Hp 1-1 in type 1 diabetes. This mixed Hp effect on cardiovascular risk by outcome studied merits further investigation and cautions against the universal application of preventive therapies across all Hp genotypes.

Keywords: Type 1 diabetes; coronary artery disease; haptoglobin genotype; hypertension; stroke.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Stroke incidence by Hp genotype, hypertension status, and diagnosis cohort A. Diabetes diagnosis <1965. White bars = Hp 1-1; black bars = Hp 2-1; bars with stripes = Hp 2-2. B. Diabetes diagnosis ≥1965. White bars = Hp 1-1; black bars = Hp 2-1; bars with stripes = Hp 2-2.
Figure 1
Figure 1
Stroke incidence by Hp genotype, hypertension status, and diagnosis cohort A. Diabetes diagnosis <1965. White bars = Hp 1-1; black bars = Hp 2-1; bars with stripes = Hp 2-2. B. Diabetes diagnosis ≥1965. White bars = Hp 1-1; black bars = Hp 2-1; bars with stripes = Hp 2-2.
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