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. 2014 Jun 19:2:e427.
doi: 10.7717/peerj.427. eCollection 2014.

Photobacterium sanctipauli sp. nov. isolated from bleached Madracis decactis (Scleractinia) in the St Peter & St Paul Archipelago, Mid-Atlantic Ridge, Brazil

Ana Paula B Moreira  1 , Gwen Duytschaever  1 , Luciane A Chimetto Tonon  1 , Adriana M Fróes  1 , Louisi S de Oliveira  1 , Gilberto M Amado-Filho  2 , Ronaldo B Francini-Filho  3 , Paul De Vos  4 , Jean Swings  4 , Cristiane C Thompson  1 , Fabiano L Thompson  5
Affiliations

Photobacterium sanctipauli sp. nov. isolated from bleached Madracis decactis (Scleractinia) in the St Peter & St Paul Archipelago, Mid-Atlantic Ridge, Brazil

Ana Paula B Moreira et al. PeerJ. .

Abstract

Five novel strains of Photobacterium (A-394T, A-373, A-379, A-397 and A-398) were isolated from bleached coral Madracis decactis (scleractinian) in the remote St Peter & St Archipelago (SPSPA), Mid-Atlantic Ridge, Brazil. Healthy M. decactis specimens were also surveyed, but no strains were related to them. The novel isolates formed a distinct lineage based on the 16S rRNA, recA, and rpoA gene sequences analysis. Their closest phylogenetic neighbours were Photobacterium rosenbergii, P. gaetbulicola, and P. lutimaris, sharing 96.6 to 95.8% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity. The novel species can be differentiated from the closest neighbours by several phenotypic and chemotaxonomic markers. It grows at pH 11, produces tryptophane deaminase, presents the fatty acid C18:0, but lacks C16:0 iso. The whole cell protein profile, based in MALDI-TOF MS, distinguished the strains of the novel species among each other and from the closest neighbors. In addition, we are releasing the whole genome sequence of the type strain. The name Photobacterium sanctipauli sp. nov. is proposed for this taxon. The G + C content of the type strain A-394(T) (= LMG27910(T) = CAIM1892(T)) is 48.2 mol%.

Keywords: Coral bleaching; Genomic taxonomy; New species; Photobacterium sanctipauli; St Paul’s rocks.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. 16S phylogenetic tree.
Neighbour-joining phylogenetic tree of Photobacterium species based on 16S rRNA gene sequences (1,525 nt) showing the position of P. sanctipauli sp. nov. The optimal tree with the sum of branch length = 0.35538897 is shown. The evolutionary distances were computed using the Jukes-Cantor method. All positions containing alignment gaps and missing data were eliminated only in pairwise sequence comparisons (Pairwise deletion option). Phylogenetic analyses were conducted in MEGA5. Bootstrap values (>50%) based on 1,000 resamplings are shown. Salinivibrio was used as outgroup. Bar, 1% estimated sequence divergence.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Neighbour-joining phylogenetic tree based on concatenated 16S rRNA, recA and rpoA gene sequences (3,135 nt) showing the position of P. sanctipauli sp. nov. The evolutionary distances were computed using the number of differences method and are in the units of the number of base differences per sequence. All positions containing alignment gaps and missing data were eliminated only in pairwise sequence comparisons (Pairwise deletion option). Phylogenetic analyses were conducted in MEGA5. Bootstrap values (>50%) based on 1,000 resamplings are shown. Vibrio maritimus R-40493T was used as outgroup. Bar estimate sequence divergence.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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