Arterial-alveolar carbon dioxide tension difference and alveolar dead space in halothane anaesthetised horses

Abstract

Arterial-alveolar carbon dioxide tension differences (a-A) PCO2 and alveolar dead space were measured during clinical halothane anaesthesia of 110 horses with the help of continuous infra-red carbon dioxide analysis of expiratory gas. Mean (a-A) PCO2 was 1.6 +/- 0.8 kPa. Alveolar dead space expressed as a percentage of alveolar tidal volume had a mean value of 23 +/- 13 per cent. Influence on (a-A) PCO2 and alveolar dead space of the following variables was tested statistically: age, weight, body position, respiration mode and duration of anaesthesia. (a-A) PCO2 was influenced positively by weight (P less than 0.0001) and adoption of dorsal recumbency (P less than 0.01). Alveolar dead space was influenced positively by weight (P less than 0.0005), adoption of dorsal recumbency (P less than 0.01), intermittent positive pressure ventilation (P less than 0.0001) and duration of anaesthesia (P less than 0.05).