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Review
. 2014 Jun 30:7:255-64.
doi: 10.2147/DMSO.S50516. eCollection 2014.

Management of adult diabetic ketoacidosis

Aidar R Gosmanov  1 , Elvira O Gosmanova  2 , Erika Dillard-Cannon  3
Affiliations
Review

Management of adult diabetic ketoacidosis

Aidar R Gosmanov et al. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. .

Abstract

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a rare yet potentially fatal hyperglycemic crisis that can occur in patients with both type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus. Due to its increasing incidence and economic impact related to the treatment and associated morbidity, effective management and prevention is key. Elements of management include making the appropriate diagnosis using current laboratory tools and clinical criteria and coordinating fluid resuscitation, insulin therapy, and electrolyte replacement through feedback obtained from timely patient monitoring and knowledge of resolution criteria. In addition, awareness of special populations such as patients with renal disease presenting with DKA is important. During the DKA therapy, complications may arise and appropriate strategies to prevent these complications are required. DKA prevention strategies including patient and provider education are important. This review aims to provide a brief overview of DKA from its pathophysiology to clinical presentation with in depth focus on up-to-date therapeutic management.

Keywords: DKA treatment; ESKD; insulin; prevention.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Workflow of management of adult DKA. Abbreviations: BG, blood glucose; DKA, diabetic ketoacidosis; h, hour; IV, intravenous; SC, subcutaneous.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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