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. 2014 Jul;4(4):251-9.

The role for nitric oxide on the effects of hydroalcoholic extract of Achillea wilhelmsii on seizure

Mahmoud Hosseini  1 , Fatemeh Harandizadeh  2 , Saeed Niazmand  3 , Mohammad Soukhtanloo  4 , Azadeh Faizpour  3 , Marzieh Ghasemabady  4
Affiliations

The role for nitric oxide on the effects of hydroalcoholic extract of Achillea wilhelmsii on seizure

Mahmoud Hosseini et al. Avicenna J Phytomed. 2014 Jul.

Abstract

Objective : Nitric oxide (NO) plays an important role both as a consequence and as a cause of epileptic seizures. Regarding the central nervous system depressant effects of Achillea wilhelmsii (A. wilhelmsii), as well the effects of the plant on NO, this study was aimed to elucidate the possible role for nitric oxide on the effects of hydroalcoholic extract of A. wilhelmsii on pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced seizures.

Materials and methods: Fifty-six male Wistar rats were divided into 7 groups (n=8 in each group) and treated with (1) normal saline, (2) normal saline before pentylenetetrazole (PTZ, 90 mg/kg), (3-7) A. wilhelmsii extract (100, 200, 400, 800, and 1200 mg/kg) before PTZ. Latency to first minimal colonic seizure (MCS) and the first generalized tonic-clonic seizures (GTCS) as well as the mortality rate were recorded. The brain tissues were then removed for biochemical measurements. Fisher's exact probability test as well as analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by Tukey's test were used for statistical evaluation.

Results: Treatment with 100- 1200 mg/kg of the extract did not affect MCS latencies. 400 mg/kg of the extract prolonged GTCS latency (p<0.001), however, the lower and higher doses were not effective. Nitric oxide metabolites concentrations in the hippocampal tissues of the animals treated with 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg of the extract were increased compared with saline (p<0.05-p<0.01).

Conclusion: The present study showed that hydroalcoholic extract of A. wilhelmsii affects NO metabolites in brain tissues as well the severity of seizures in PTZ-induced seizure model.

Keywords: Achillea wilhelmsii; Hippocampus; Nitric oxide; Pentylenetetrazole; Rat; Seizures.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The concentrations of nitric oxide (NO) metabolites (NO2-NO3) in hippocampal tissue in PTZ and Achillea wilhelmsii extract (Ex) -treated animals. The animals were treated with normal saline or extract (100, 200, 400, 800, or 1200 mg/kg) before a single injection (90 mg/kg) of PTZ.
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