A visual test based on a freeware software for quantifying and displaying night-vision disturbances: study in subjects after alcohol consumption

Abstract

Background: In this work, we propose the Halo test, a simple visual test based on a freeware software for quantifying and displaying night-vision disturbances perceived by subjects under different experimental conditions, more precisely studying the influence of the alcohol consumption on visual function.

Methods: In the Halo test, viewed on a monitor, the subject's task consists of detecting luminous peripheral stimuli around a central high-luminance stimulus over a dark background. The test, performed by subjects before and after consuming alcoholic drinks, which deteriorate visual performance, evaluates the influence that alcohol consumption exerts on the visual-discrimination capacity under low illumination conditions. Measurements were made monocularly and binocularly. Pupil size was also measured in both conditions (pre/post). Additionally, we used a double-pass device to measure objectively the optical-quality of the eye and corroborate the results from the Halo test.

Results: We found a significant deterioration of the discrimination capacity after alcohol consumption, indicating that the higher the breath-alcohol content, the greater the deterioration of the visual-discrimination capacity. After alcohol intake, the graphical results showed a greater area of undetected peripheral stimuli around the central high-luminance stimulus. An enlargement of the pupil was also observed and the optical quality of the eye was deteriorated after alcohol consumption.

Conclusions: A greater influence of halos and other night-vision disturbances were reported with the Halo test after alcohol consumption. The Halo freeware software constitutes a positive contribution for evaluating nighttime visual performance in clinical applications, such as reported here, but also in patients after refractive surgery (where halos are present) or for monitoring (time course) some ocular pathologies under pharmacological treatment.

Figure 1

Halo v1.0 software. Main window of Halo v1.0 software displaying the parameters used in this study (left) and graphic scheme for the spatial parameters of the visual test (right).

Figure 2

Graphic results for the Halo test. Graphic results of the Halo test for a subject with a BrAC of 0.43 mg/l, monocularly (right [R] and left [L] eye) and binocularly, for the different experimental conditions. ρ is the VDI and φ the pupil diameter.

Figure 3

VDI deterioration Vs. BrAC. Deterioration for the binocular-disturbance index as a function of the breath alcohol content (BrAC) in mg/l.