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Meta-Analysis
. 2015 May;18(7):1282-91.
doi: 10.1017/S1368980014001438. Epub 2014 Aug 4.

Association of coffee drinking with all-cause mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Yimin Zhao  1 , Kejian Wu  1 , Jusheng Zheng  1 , Ruiting Zuo  1 , Duo Li  1
Affiliations
Meta-Analysis

Association of coffee drinking with all-cause mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Yimin Zhao et al. Public Health Nutr. 2015 May.

Abstract

Objective: We aimed to use the meta-analysis method to assess the relationship between coffee drinking and all-cause mortality.

Design: Categorical and dose-response meta-analyses were conducted using random-effects models.

Setting: We systematically searched and identified eligible literature in the PubMed and Scopus databases.

Subjects: Seventeen studies including 1 054 571 participants and 131 212 death events from all causes were included in the present study.

Results: Seventeen studies were included and evaluated in the meta-analysis. A U-shaped dose-response relationship was found between coffee consumption and all-cause mortality (P for non-linearity <0.001). Compared with non/occasional coffee drinkers, the relative risks for all-cause mortality were 0.89 (95 % CI 0.85, 0.93) for 1-<3 cups/d, 0.87 (95 % CI 0.83, 0.91) for 3-<5 cups/d and 0.90 (95 % CI 0.87, 0.94) for ≥5 cups/d, and the relationship was more marked in females than in males.

Conclusions: The present meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies indicated that light to moderate coffee intake is associated with a reduced risk of death from all causes, particularly in women.

Keywords: Prospective cohort study.

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Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Flowchart of the literature search
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
The non-linear association of habitual coffee drinking with all-cause mortality: (a) all studies (P for non-linearity <0·001); (b) cohorts of men only (P for non-linearity <0·001); (c) cohorts of women only (P for non-linearity <0·001). ———, relative risk (RR); — — —, 95 % confidence intervals; – – –, null effect. The results were gained from the two-stage random-effects dose–response meta-analyses
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Subgroup analyses of the association between habitual coffee drinking and all-cause mortality, showing pooled relative risks (RR; ■) and 95 % confidence intervals (represented by horizontal bars) from categorical meta-analyses using a random-effects model. Model A, studies providing risk estimates and 95 % CI adjusted for age, smoking status, alcohol intake and physical activity; model B, studies providing risk estimates and 95 % CI additionally adjusted for education level
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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