Improved thrombolysis with a modified dose regimen of recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator

Abstract

To improve further the patency rate of infarct-related coronary arteries, the following accelerated dosage regimen of recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator (rt-PA) was administered to 80 patients with acute myocardial infarction of less than or equal to 6 h duration: 15 mg intravenous bolus, 50 mg infusion over 30 min and 35 mg infusion over the following 60 min. After coronary angiography at 90 min coronary angioplasty was performed in 16 patients and additional thrombolysis in 3 patients. Six patients were not included in the final angiographic analysis, mostly because of borderline ST segment elevations, in order to avoid overestimation of the efficacy of this dose regimen. Four of these had a patent infarct artery; no early angiogram was performed on two. Sixty minutes after the start of infusion, 54 (74%) of 73 patients had a patent infarct-related artery (Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction [TIMI] grade 2 or 3) as did 67 (91%) of 74 patients at 90 min. At 24 h, 61 (92.4%) of 66 patients showed a patent infarct artery. Recurrent myocardial ischemia was noted in 12 patients, 7 (9.4%) of whom experienced reinfarction during the hospital stay. Minor local bleeding complications were observed in 14 patients (17.5%). There were four in-hospital cardiac deaths; one patient who underwent additional thrombolysis for recurrent ischemia died from bleeding complications. These results show that a rapid infusion of 100 mg of rt-PA over 90 min yields a high early patency rate of the infarct-related artery without an increase in reocclusion rate and adverse reactions.