Affiliations

• ¹ Medical Research Council/Wits Rural Public Health and Health Transitions Research Unit (Agincourt), University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa; Health and Population Division, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa; Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA. Electronic address: karen.hofman@wits.ac.za.
• ² Medical Research Council/Wits Rural Public Health and Health Transitions Research Unit (Agincourt), University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa; Health and Population Division, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa; INDEPTH Network, Accra, Ghana; Centre for Global Health Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.