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. 2014 Aug 15:20:1442-51.
doi: 10.12659/MSM.890688.

Incidence of retinopathy of prematurity in southwestern China and analysis of risk factors

Qing Liu  1 , Zheng-Qin Yin  2 , Ning Ke  1 , Lin Chen  1 , Xin-Ke Chen  1 , Jing Fang  1 , Xiu-Rong Chen  1 , Jun Xiao  1 , Kang Hu  1 , Xuan Zhang  1 , Yan Xiong  1 , Hui Shi  1 , Jie Li  1 , Hong-Jian Long  1 , Kang-Lin Zhang  1 , Zhi-Yu Chen  1 , Lian-Hong Pi  1
Affiliations

Incidence of retinopathy of prematurity in southwestern China and analysis of risk factors

Qing Liu et al. Med Sci Monit. .

Abstract

Background: The aim of this study was to screen for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in southwestern China and understand the prevalence and risk factors of ROP, which may provide evidence useful in the prevention and treatment of ROP.

Material/methods: 1864 preterm infants (gestational age of <37 weeks and birth weight of ≤2500 g) underwent ROP screening from January 2009 to November 2012 in Southwest China. The medical information of infants during perinatal period was reviewed, and risk factors of ROP were determined. A total of 1614 infants were recruited for final analysis.

Results: Incidence of ROP was 12.8%. The first, second, third, and fourth stage of ROP was found in 64.6%, 29.6%, 3.4%, and 0.5% of infants, respectively. No fifth stage of ROP was observed. In addition, 7.7% of infants required surgical intervention. In our Department of Neonatology, the incidence of ROP was 20.0%, which was significantly higher than in non-hospitalized patients (9.9%). The incidence of ROP remained unchanged over the years. Independent risk factors of ROP included low birth weight (p=0.049), low gestational age (p=0.008), days of oxygen supplementation (p=0.008), and myocardial injury after birth (p=0.001).

Conclusions: The prevalence of ROP in preterm infants is relatively high in Southwest China, and low birth weight, low gestational age, days of oxygen supplementation, and myocardial injury after birth are independent risk factors for ROP.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
A) Prevalence of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in different years of different populations; (B) Prevalence of ROP of different populations in different years. All the subjects were divided into total population (n=1614), non-hospitalized patients (n=1155) and hospitalized patients (n=459). In addition, 245, 356, 467, and 546 subjects received diagnosis at 2009, 2010, 2011, and 2012, respectively. A value of P<0.0125 was considered statistically significant when comparisons were done between 2 groups (chi-squared test: P=0.05/[n(n−1)/2+1]; n=number of groups=3).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Prevalence of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in subjects of different gestational ages. The prevalence of ROP was 41.2%, 27.5%, 12.7%, 6.4%, and 2.6% in subjects with gestational age of ≤28 w, 28–30 w, 30–32 w, 32–34w, and 34–36 w, respectively.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Prevalence of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in preterm infants with different birth weights. The prevalence of ROP was 64.0%, 24.0%, 10.0%, and 3.0% in preterm subjects with birth weight of ≤1000 g, 1000–1500 g, 1500–2000 g, and 2000–2500 g, respectively.
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