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. 2014 Aug 28;9(8):e105503.
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0105503. eCollection 2014.

Long-term prognosis of patients with carbon monoxide poisoning: a nationwide cohort study

Chien-Cheng Huang  1 , Min-Hsien Chung  2 , Shih-Feng Weng  3 , Chih-Chiang Chien  4 , Shio-Jean Lin  5 , Hung-Jung Lin  6 , How-Ran Guo  7 , Shih-Bin Su  8 , Chien-Chin Hsu  9 , Chi-Wen Juan  10
Affiliations

Long-term prognosis of patients with carbon monoxide poisoning: a nationwide cohort study

Chien-Cheng Huang et al. PLoS One. .

Abstract

Background: Carbon monoxide poisoning (COP) often produces severe complications and can be fatal. Because this topic has not been well delineated, we investigated long-term prognoses of patients with COP (COP[+]).

Methods: In this retrospective nationwide cohort study, 441 COP[+] patients and 8820 COP[-] controls (120) from 1999 to 2010 were selected from Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database.

Results: Thirty-seven (8.39%) COP[+] patients and 142 (1.61%) controls died (P<0.0001) during follow-up. Incidence rate ratios (IRR) of death were 5.24 times higher in COP[+] patients than in controls (P<0.0001). The risk of death was particularly high in the first month after COP (IRR: 308.78; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 40.79-2337.56), 1 to 6 months after (IRR: 18.92; 95% CI: 7.69-46.56), and 6-12 months after (IRR: 4.73; 95% CI: 1.02-21.90). After adjusting for age, gender, and selected comorbidities, the hazard ratio of death for COP[+] patients was still 4.097 times higher than for controls. Moreover, older age (≥30 years old), male gender, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and low income were also independent mortality predictors.

Conclusions: COP significantly increases the risk for long-term mortality. Early follow-up and secondary prevention of death are needed for patients with COP.

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Conflict of interest statement

Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. Survival rate for patients with carbon monoxide poisoning (COP[+]) and controls (COP[−]) during the follow-up.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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