Risk factors for periprosthetic infection after reverse shoulder arthroplasty

Abstract

Background: Management of periprosthetic infection after reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) remains a challenge. Whereas the infection rate after RSA has improved, more information would be helpful to identify patient risk factors for infection after RSA. The purpose of this study was to evaluate risk factors for infection after RSA.

Methods: We identified 301 primary RSAs with a minimum of 1-year follow-up in a prospectively collected shoulder arthroplasty registry. We performed bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses to assess the association between patient demographic and clinical characteristics (age, sex, smoking, diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, body mass index, and history of prior failed hemiarthroplasty or total shoulder arthroplasty) and periprosthetic infection after RSA.

Results: There were 15 periprosthetic infections after RSA (5.0%). Patients with a history of RSA for failed arthroplasty (odds ratio, 5.75; 95% confidence interval, 2.01-16.43; P = .001) and patients younger than 65 years had an increased risk for development of an infection (odds ratio, 4.0; 95% confidence interval, 1.21-15.35; P = .021). History of smoking, diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, or obesity did not contribute to an increased risk of infection after RSA.

Conclusions: This is the first study evaluating risk factors for infection after RSA while controlling for confounding variables with multivariable analysis. The greatest risk factors for infection after RSA were history of a prior failed arthroplasty and age younger than 65 years. Patients with these clinical characteristics should be counseled preoperatively about the increased risk for development of infection after RSA.

Keywords: Infection; reverse shoulder arthroplasty.