Women's perceptions of the benefits and risks of skin-lightening creams in two South African communities

Abstract

Background: Skin-lightening products are commonly used by black communities in South Africa and worldwide. This practice has deep historical and cultural roots and is associated with adverse cutaneous effects.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey of 579 African and Indian women aged 18-70 years was conducted in two large public hospitals in Durban, South Africa.

Results: There were 292 Africans and 287 Indians included in the survey sample. Of these 32.3% had used skin-lightening products (60% of Africans and 40% of Indians). Most of those who had used skin lighteners (85 of Africans and 76% of Indians) claimed awareness of the adverse effects of the products, although this did not appear to inform knowledge of the product, how it was used, nor the decision to use the product. Most users (90%) expressed satisfaction with results achieved but 32% reported adverse events.

Conclusion: Skin-lightening products are used by a third of African and Indian women in South Africa Cultural and historical perceptions equating a fairer skin with social advantage are pervasive and strongly reinforced by the media. There is a poor understanding of the risks associated with the use of these products. Public education campaigns are required to teach consumers about these risks and the importance of concomitant use of sunscreens with these products.

Keywords: African; Indian; cosmetic habits; ethnic; skin bleaching; skin lightening.