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Randomized Controlled Trial
. 2015 Jun;18(8):1506-13.
doi: 10.1017/S1368980014001992. Epub 2014 Sep 15.

Intensive low-glycaemic-load dietary intervention for the management of glycaemia and serum lipids among women with gestational diabetes: a randomized control trial

Wen-Jun Ma  1 , Zhi-Hong Huang  1 , Bi-Xia Huang  2 , Ben-Hua Qi  1 , Yan-Jun Zhang  1 , Ben-Xi Xiao  1 , Yuan-Hong Li  1 , Li Chen  2 , Hui-Lian Zhu  2
Affiliations
Randomized Controlled Trial

Intensive low-glycaemic-load dietary intervention for the management of glycaemia and serum lipids among women with gestational diabetes: a randomized control trial

Wen-Jun Ma et al. Public Health Nutr. 2015 Jun.

Abstract

Objective: The present study aimed to compare the effects of a general dietary intervention and an intervention with low glycaemic load (GL) on glycaemic control, blood lipid metabolism and pregnancy outcomes in women with gestational diabetes mellitus.

Design: Participants were randomly assigned to two groups, receiving either an individualized general dietary intervention (Control group) or an intensive low-GL intervention (Low-GL group) every two weeks, from 24-26 weeks of gestation to delivery.

Setting: The Center of Maternal Primary Care in Guangdong General Hospital, China.

Subjects: Ninety-five women with gestational diabetes mellitus were enrolled from June 2008 to July 2009.

Results: After the intervention, both groups significantly decreased their dietary intakes of energy, fat and carbohydrate. The Low-GL group had significantly lower values for GL (122 v. 136) and glycaemic index (50 v. 54) but greater dietary fibre intake (33 v. 29 g/d) than did the Control group (all P<0·01). Significantly greater decreases in fasting plasma glucose (-0·33 v. -0·02 mmol/l, P<0·01) and 2 h postprandial glucose (-2·98 v. -2·51 mmol/l, P<0·01), significantly lower increases in total cholesterol (0·12 v. 0·23 mmol/l) and TAG (0·41 v. 0·56 mmol/l) and a significantly lower decrease in HDL cholesterol (-0·01 v. -0·11 mmol/l) were also observed in the Low-GL group compared with the Control group (all P<0·05). There were no significant differences in body weight gain, birth weight or other maternal-fetal perinatal outcomes between the two groups.

Conclusions: The low-GL targeted dietary intervention outperformed the general dietary intervention in glycaemic control and the improvement of blood lipid levels in women with gestational diabetes mellitus.

Keywords: Gestational diabetes mellitus.

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Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
The study flow diagram
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References

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