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. 2014 Dec;20(6):603-11.
doi: 10.1007/s13365-014-0284-0. Epub 2014 Sep 17.

Brain morphometric correlates of metabolic variables in HIV: the CHARTER study

S L Archibald  1 , J A McCutchan, C Sanders, T Wolfson, T L Jernigan, R J Ellis, B M Ances, A C Collier, J C McArthur, S Morgello, D M Simpson, C Marra, B B Gelman, D B Clifford, I Grant, C Fennema-Notestine; CHARTER Group
Collaborators, Affiliations

Brain morphometric correlates of metabolic variables in HIV: the CHARTER study

S L Archibald et al. J Neurovirol. 2014 Dec.

Abstract

Obesity and other metabolic variables are associated with abnormal brain structural volumes and cognitive dysfunction in HIV-uninfected populations. Since individuals with HIV infection on combined antiretroviral therapy (CART) often have systemic metabolic abnormalities and changes in brain morphology and function, we examined associations among brain volumes and metabolic factors in the multisite CNS HIV AntiRetroviral Therapy Effects Research (CHARTER) cohort, cross-sectional study of 222 HIV-infected individuals. Metabolic variables included body mass index (BMI), total blood cholesterol (C), low- and high-density lipoprotein C (LDL-C and HDL-C), blood pressure, random blood glucose, and diabetes. MRI measured volumes of cerebral white matter, abnormal white matter, cortical and subcortical gray matter, and ventricular and sulcal CSF. Multiple linear regression models allowed us to examine metabolic variables separately and in combination to predict each regional volume. Greater BMI was associated with smaller cortical gray and larger white matter volumes. Higher total cholesterol (C) levels were associated with smaller cortex volumes; higher LDL-C was associated with larger cerebral white matter volumes, while higher HDL-C levels were associated with larger sulci. Higher blood glucose levels and diabetes were associated with more abnormal white matter. Multiple atherogenic metabolic factors contribute to regional brain volumes in HIV-infected, CART-treated patients, reflecting associations similar to those found in HIV-uninfected individuals. These risk factors may accelerate cerebral atherosclerosis and consequent brain alterations and cognitive dysfunction.

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Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1. Multi-channel Morphometry
Representative coronal section of the T2 (left) and T1 (middle) images and the corresponding segmented and labeled image (right). Regions include: ventricular (red) and subarachnoid (black) CSF; total (white) and abnormal (orange) white matter; cortical (blue) and subcortical (turquoise) gray matter.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2. Association between metabolic factors and structural volumes
Partial correlation scatterplots (plots of partial residuals) show the relationship between metabolic variables and log-transformed volumes, after adjusting for all other control variables in the single metabolic variable regression models. a) BMI and cortical gray matter; b) BMI and total white matter; and c) glucose levels and abnormal white matter.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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