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. 2015 Feb;19(2):393-404.
doi: 10.1007/s10461-014-0895-8.

Men who have sex with men in Mozambique: identifying a hidden population at high-risk for HIV

Rassul Nalá  1 , Beverley Cummings, Roberta Horth, Celso Inguane, Marcos Benedetti, Marcos Chissano, Isabel Sathane, Peter Young, Danilo da Silva, Joy Mirjahangir, Mike Grasso, H Fisher Raymond, Willi McFarland, Tim Lane
Affiliations

Men who have sex with men in Mozambique: identifying a hidden population at high-risk for HIV

Rassul Nalá et al. AIDS Behav. 2015 Feb.

Abstract
in English, Spanish

The population of men who have sex with men (MSM) has been largely ignored in HIV-related policies and programming in Mozambique and there is little information about the contribution of MSM to the HIV epidemic. An integrated biological and behavioral study among MSM using respondent-driven sampling was conducted in 2011 in Maputo, Beira and Nampula/Nacala. Men who reported engaging in oral or anal sex with other men in the last 12 months answered a questionnaire and provided a blood sample for HIV testing. The prevalence of HIV was 8.2 % (Maputo, n = 496), 9.1 % (Beira, n = 584) and 3.1 % (Nampula/Nacala, n = 353). Prevalence was higher among MSM ≥ 25 vs. 18-24 years: 33.8 % vs. 2.4 % (p < 0.001), 32.1 vs. 2.8 % (p < 0.001), and 10.3 vs. 2.7 % (p < 0.06), in each city respectively. The difference in prevalence demonstrates the need to increase prevention for younger MSM at risk for HIV and ensure care and treatment for older HIV-infected MSM.

Por lo general, la población de hombres que tienen sexo con hombres (HSH) ha sido ignorada en las normas y programas relacionados con el VIH en Mozambique, y escasea información sobre la contribución de los HSH a la epidemia. Se realizó un estudio biológico y conductual integrado entre HSH usando el muestreo dirigido por los participantes en el 2011 en Maputo, Beira y Nampula/Nacala. Los hombres que informaron haber tenido sexo oral o anal con otros hombres durante los últimos 12 meses contestaron una encuesta y proporcionaron una muestra de sangre para detectar el VIH. La prevalencia del VIH fue del 8.2 % (Maputo, n = 496), 9.1 % (Beira, n = 584) y 3.1 % (Nampula/Nacala, n = 353). La prevalencia era mayor entre los HSH ≥ 25 años de edad vs. 18-24 años de edad: del 33.8 % vs. el 2.4 % (p < 0.001), del 32.1 % vs. el 2.8 % (p < 0.001) y del 10.3 % vs. el 2.7 % (p < 0.06), en cada ciudad respectivamente. La diferencia de prevalencia demuestra la necesidad de aumentar los esfuerzos de prevención dirigidos a hombres jóvenes en riesgo del VIH y de asegurar que los HSH mayores infectados por el VIH reciban cuidados y tratamiento.

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Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Respondent driven sampling peer-referral recruitment chains of men who have sex with men in the three urban areas, Mozambique, 2011
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
HIV Prevalence among men that have sex with men in three urban areas*, Mozambique, 2011. *2009 estimates of HIV prevalence for the general population were 16.8 % for Maputo City, 15.5 % for Sofala Province, and 4.6 % for Nampula Province
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