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. 2014 Spring;13(2):505-14.

Molluscicidal Activity of the Methanol Extract of Callistemon viminalis (Sol. ex Gaertner) G.Don ex Loudon Fruits, Bark and Leaves against Biomphalaria alexandrina Snails

Ahmed A Gohar  1 , Galal T Maatooq  1 , Sahar R Gadara  1 , Walaa S Aboelmaaty  1 , Atef M El-Shazly  2
Affiliations

Molluscicidal Activity of the Methanol Extract of Callistemon viminalis (Sol. ex Gaertner) G.Don ex Loudon Fruits, Bark and Leaves against Biomphalaria alexandrina Snails

Ahmed A Gohar et al. Iran J Pharm Res. 2014 Spring.

Abstract

Methanol extracts of Callistemon viminalis (Sol. Ex Gaertner) G.Don Ex Loudon fruits, bark and leaves were tested for molluscicidal activity. Snails were collected and kept in dechlorinated water under standard condition. Ten adults Biomphalaria Alexandrina, of the same size, were introduced in plastic acquaria for each experiment. The fruits, barks and leaves were extracted with methanol and the methanol extracts were kept for testing as molluscicides. Different extracts proved to have molluscicidal activity against the vector of schistosomiasis, B. alexandrina snails. LC50 values for C. viminalis fruits, bark and leaves were 6.2, 32 and 40 ppm respectively. The C. viminalis fruits extract showed the highest effect against the tested snails. Histopathological studies proved that the site of action of all tested extracts was localized in the digestive system and hermaphrodite gland.

Keywords: Biomphalaria alexandrina; Callistemon viminalis; Histopathology; Molluscicides; Snails.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
T.S. in control B. alexandrina (Hermaphrodite region). Anl= ancel's layer Sp= sperms S= spermatocytes O= oocyte X= 200
Figure 2
Figure 2
T.S. in treated B. alexandrina with 40 ppm fruits extract (Hermaphrodite region). D: degeneration V: vacuoles X= 200
Figure 3
Figure 3
T.S. in treated B. alexandrina with 20 ppm fruits extract (Hermaphrodite region). D: degeneration V: vacuoles X= 200
Figure 4
Figure 4
T.S. in treated B. alexandrina with 10 ppm fruits extract (Hermaphrodite region). D: degeneration V: vacuoles X= 200
Figure 5
Figure 5
T.S. in treated B. alexandrina with 5 ppm fruits extract (Hermaphrodite region). X=200.
Figure 6
Figure 6
T.S. in treated B. alexandrina with 40 ppm bark extract (Hermaphrodite region). D: degeneration V: vacuoles X= 200.
Figure 7
Figure 7
T.S. in treated B. alexandrina with 20 ppm bark extract (Hermaphrodite region). V: vacules X= 200.
Figure 8
Figure 8
T.S. in treated B. alexandrina with 10 ppm bark extract (Hermaphrodite region). X= 200.
Figure 9
Figure 9
T.S. in treated B. alexandrina with 40 ppm leaves extract (Hermaphrodite region). D: degeneration V: vacuoles X= 200.
Figure 10
Figure 10
T.S. in treated B. alexandrina with 20 ppm leaf extract (Hermaphrodite region). V: vacuoles X= 200.
Figure 11
Figure 11
T.S. in treated B. alexandrina with 10 ppm leaf extract (Hermaphrodite region). X= 200.
Figure 12
Figure 12
T.S. in control B. alexandrina (digestive acini) showing normal columnar epithelial cells. X= 200.
Figure 13
Figure 13
T.S. in treated B. alexandrina with 40 ppm fruits extract (digestive acini). X= 200
Figure 14
Figure 14
T.S. in treated B. alexandrina with 20 ppm fruits extract (digestive acini). X= 200
Figure 15
Figure 15
T.S. in treated B. alexandrina with 10 ppm fruits extract (digestive acini). X= 200.
Figure 16
Figure 16
T.S. in treated B. alexandrina with 5 ppm fruits extract (digestive acini). X=200.
Figure 17
Figure 17
T.S. in treated B. alexandrina with 40 ppm bark extract (digestive acini). X= 200
Figure 18
Figure 18
T.S. in treated B. alexandrina with 20 ppm bark extract (digestive acini). X= 200.
Figure 19
Figure 19
T.S. in treated B. alexandrina with 10 ppm bark extract (digestive acini). X= 200.
Figure 20
Figure 20
T.S. in treated B. alexandrina with 40 ppm leaves extract (digestive acini). X= 200
Figure 21
Figure 21
T.S. in treated B. alexandrina with 20 ppm leaves extract (digestive acini). X= 200
Figure 22
Figure 22
T.S. in treated B. alexandrina with 10 ppm leaves extract (digestive acini). X= 200
Figure 23
Figure 23
T.S. in control B. alexandrina showing digestive epithelia. X = 200
Figure 24
Figure 24
T.S. in treated B. alexandrina with 40 ppm fruits extract showing digestive epithelia. A.E.c: evacuated epithelial cells X = 200
Figure 25
Figure 25
T.S. in treated B. alexandrina with 20 ppm fruits extract showing digestive epithelia. A.E.c: evacuated epithelial cells X = 200
Figure 26
Figure 26
T.S. in treated B. alexandrina with 10 ppm fruits extract showing digestive epithelia. A.E.c: evacuated epithelial cells X = 200
Figure 27
Figure 27
T.S. in treated B. alexandrina with 5 ppm fruits extract showing digestive epithelia. A.E.c: evacuated epithelial cells X = 200
Figure 28
Figure 28
T.S. in treated B. alexandrina with 40 ppm bark extract showing digestive epithelia. A.E.c: evacuated epithelial cells X = 200
Figure 29
Figure 29
T.S. in treated B. alexandrina with 20 ppm bark extract showing digestive epithelia. X = 200.
Figure 30
Figure 30
T.S. in treated B. alexandrina with 10 ppm bark extract showing digestive epithelia. X = 200
Figure 31
Figure 31
T.S. in treated B. alexandrina with 40 ppm leaves extract showing digestive epithelia. A.E.c: evacuated epithelial cells X = 200
Figure 32
Figure 32
T.S. in treated B. alexandrina with 20 ppm leaves extract showing digestive epithelia. X = 200
Figure 33
Figure 33
T.S. in treated B. alexandrina with 10 ppm leaves extract showing digestive epithelia. X = 200
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