Intensive blood pressure reduction in acute intracerebral hemorrhage: a meta-analysis

Abstract

Objective: The aim of the present systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of intensive blood pressure (BP) reduction in patients with acute-onset intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) using data from randomized controlled trials.

Methods: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis according to PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines of all available randomized controlled trials that randomized patients with acute ICH to either intensive or guideline BP-reduction protocols.

Results: We identified 4 eligible studies, including a total of 3,315 patients (mean age 63.4 ± 1.4 years, 64% men). Death rates were similar between patients randomized to intensive BP-lowering treatment and those receiving guideline BP-lowering treatment (odds ratio = 1.01, 95% confidence interval: 0.83-1.23; p = 0.914). Intensive BP-lowering treatment tended to be associated with lower 3-month death or dependency (modified Rankin Scale grades 3-6) compared with guideline treatment (odds ratio = 0.87, 95% confidence interval: 0.76-1.01; p = 0.062). No evidence of heterogeneity between estimates (I(2) = 0%; p = 0.723), or publication bias in the funnel plots (p = 0.993, Egger statistical test), was detected. Intensive BP reduction was also associated with a greater attenuation of absolute hematoma growth at 24 hours (standardized mean difference ± SE: -0.110 ± 0.053; p = 0.038).

Conclusions: Our findings indicate that intensive BP management in patients with acute ICH is safe. Fewer intensively treated patients had unfavorable 3-month functional outcome although this finding did not reach significance. Moreover, intensive BP reduction appears to be associated with a greater attenuation of absolute hematoma growth at 24 hours.