Benzene-derived carbon nanothreads

Thomas C Fitzgibbons¹, Malcolm Guthrie², En-shi Xu³, Vincent H Crespi⁴, Stephen K Davidowski⁵, George D Cody², Nasim Alem⁶, John V Badding¹

Affiliations

¹ 1] Department of Chemistry, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA [2] Materials Research Institute, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA.
² Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA.
³ 1] Materials Research Institute, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA [2] Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA.
⁴ 1] Department of Chemistry, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA [2] Materials Research Institute, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA [3] Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA [4] Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA.
⁵ Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, USA.
⁶ Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA.

PMID: 25242532
DOI: 10.1038/nmat4088

Benzene-derived carbon nanothreads

Thomas C Fitzgibbons et al. Nat Mater. 2015 Jan.

. 2015 Jan;14(1):43-7.

doi: 10.1038/nmat4088. Epub 2014 Sep 21.

Authors

Thomas C Fitzgibbons¹, Malcolm Guthrie², En-shi Xu³, Vincent H Crespi⁴, Stephen K Davidowski⁵, George D Cody², Nasim Alem⁶, John V Badding¹

Affiliations

¹ 1] Department of Chemistry, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA [2] Materials Research Institute, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA.
² Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA.
³ 1] Materials Research Institute, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA [2] Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA.
⁴ 1] Department of Chemistry, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA [2] Materials Research Institute, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA [3] Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA [4] Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA.
⁵ Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, USA.
⁶ Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA.

PMID: 25242532
DOI: 10.1038/nmat4088

Abstract

Low-dimensional carbon nanomaterials such as fullerenes, nanotubes, graphene and diamondoids have extraordinary physical and chemical properties. Compression-induced polymerization of aromatic molecules could provide a viable synthetic route to ordered carbon nanomaterials, but despite almost a century of study this approach has produced only amorphous products. Here we report recovery to ambient pressure of macroscopic quantities of a crystalline one- dimensional sp(3) carbon nanomaterial formed by high-pressure solid-state reaction of benzene. X-ray and neutron diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, solid-state NMR, transmission electron microscopy and first-principles calculations reveal close- packed bundles of subnanometre-diameter sp(3)-bonded carbon threads capped with hydrogen, crystalline in two dimensions and short-range ordered in the third. These nanothreads promise extraordinary properties such as strength and stiffness higher than that of sp(2) carbon nanotubes or conventional high-strength polymers. They may be the first member of a new class of ordered sp(3) nanomaterials synthesized by kinetic control of high-pressure solid-state reactions.

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References

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Benzene-derived carbon nanothreads

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Benzene-derived carbon nanothreads

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