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. 2014 Sep 27:7:65.
doi: 10.1186/s13045-014-0065-5.

Lower circulating platelet counts and antiplatelet therapy independently predict better outcomes in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

Saleh Rachidi, Kristin Wallace, Terry A Day, Anthony J Alberg, Zihai Li

Lower circulating platelet counts and antiplatelet therapy independently predict better outcomes in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

Saleh Rachidi et al. J Hematol Oncol. .

Abstract

Background: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) mortality rates have not shown significant reduction in decades. Platelets are being implicated in having cancer-promoting roles, an observation supported by the adverse outcomes associated with thrombocytosis in many malignancies associated with thrombocytosis. However, the prognostic significance of platelet counts in HNSCC is unknown. Here, we comprehensively investigate the predictive value of platelet counts at diagnosis and post-diagnosis antiplatelet treatment in the overall survival of HNSCC patients.

Methods: The study population consists of 1051 pathologically confirmed HNSCC cases diagnosed between years 2000 and 2012 in a tertiary medical center. Platelet count was investigated as a predictor of survival by fitting Cox Proportional Hazards (CPH) regression models to generate Hazard Ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI), while adjusting for age, sex, race, stage, treatment and smoking status. Finally, we evaluated the association between overall survival and antiplatelet medication intake after diagnosis.

Results: Multivariable analysis showed an increased death rate in patients with thromobocytosis [HR 2.37, 95% CI 1.60-3.50)] and high normal platelet counts [HR 2.20, 95% CI 1.58-3.05] compared to the reference middle normal group. Post-diagnosis treatment with antiplatelet medications was inversely associated with death rate [HR 0.76, 95% CI 0.58-0.99].

Conclusions: Higher platelet counts were associated with poorer prognosis in HNSCC patients, whereas antiplatelet agents were associated with better prognosis. Antiplatelet agents warrant evaluation in preclinical and clinical settings as a way to improve survival in HNSCC.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
High normal platelets and thrombocytosis are associated with worse overall survival. (log-rank p < 0.0001).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Antiplatelets/NSAIDs are inversely associated with survival in HNSCC. A. Intake of these medications confers better outcomes in the general HNSCC patient population, B. The benefit associated with intake of antiplatelets/NSAIDs is particularly observed in the thrombocytosis group, HR = 0.42, p = 0.06. AP: Antiplatelets. ns: Not significant.
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