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. 2014 Sep 25:10:753-8.
doi: 10.2147/TCRM.S62029. eCollection 2014.

Efficacy of tramadol as a preincisional infiltration anesthetic in children undergoing inguinal hernia repair: a prospective randomized study

Kemal Varım Numanoğlu  1 , Hilal Ayoğlu  2 , Duygu TatlıEbubekir Er  1
Affiliations

Efficacy of tramadol as a preincisional infiltration anesthetic in children undergoing inguinal hernia repair: a prospective randomized study

Kemal Varım Numanoğlu et al. Ther Clin Risk Manag. .

Abstract

Background: Preincisional local anesthetic infiltration at the surgical site is a therapeutic option for postoperative pain relief for pediatric inguinal hernia. Additionally, tramadol has been used as an analgesic for postoperative pain in children. Recently, the local anesthetic effects of tramadol have been reported. The aim of this study was to determine both the systemic analgesic and the local anesthetic effects of tramadol and to determine how it differs from bupivacaine when administered preincisionally.

Methods: Fifty-two healthy children, aged 2-7 years, who were scheduled for elective herniorrhaphy were randomly allocated to receive either preincisional infiltration at the surgical site with 2 mg/kg tramadol (Group T, n=26) or 0.25 mL/kg 0.5% bupivacaine (Group B, n=26). At the time of anesthetic administration, perioperative hemodynamic parameters were recorded. The pain assessments were performed 10 minutes after the end of anesthesia and during the first 6-hour period, using pain scores. The time of first dose of analgesia and need for additional analgesia were recorded.

Results: Between T and B groups, the anesthesia time, perioperative hemodynamic changes, and pain scores were not statistically different. However, in group B, the postoperative analgesic requirement was higher than in group T.

Conclusion: Tramadol shows equal analgesic effect to bupivacaine and decreases additional analgesic requirement, when used for preincisional infiltration anesthesia in children undergoing inguinal herniorrhaphy.

Keywords: bupivacaine; pain scores; postoperative analgesia.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Faces Pain Scale-Revised. Notes: Hicks CL, von Baeyer CL, Spafford PA, van Korlaar I, Goodenough B. The Faces Pain Scale-Revised: toward a common metric in pediatric pain measurement. Pain. 2001;93(2):173–183. This Faces Pain Scale-Revised has been reproduced with permission of the International Association for the Study of Pain® (IASP). The figure may NOT be reproduced for any other purpose without permission.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Pain/discomfort Scale of the two groups (bupivacaine versus tramadol) during the first 30 minutes after the operation. Abbreviation: PDS, pain/discomfort score.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Faces Pain Scales (FPS) of the two groups (bupivacaine versus tramadol) during the first 120 minutes after the operation.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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