Polymorphisms of DNA repair genes XPD (Lys751Gln) and XRCC1 (Arg399Gln), and the risk of age-related cataract: a meta-analysis

Abstract

Purpose: A meta-analysis of available studies was used to test the association between two DNA repair genes and age-related cataract.

Materials and methods: A systematic search of the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, EMBASE and PubMed databases identified six studies that were analyzed. Meta-analysis was used to evaluate single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of the DNA repair gene xeroderma pigmentosum complementation group D (XPD) (Lys751Gln) and the X-ray repair cross-complementing gene 1 (XRCC1) (Arg399Gln). Only articles published before June 6, 2014, were included. The quality of the studies was determined using Newcastle-Ottawa Scale tools. The summary odds ratio (OR) and corresponding confidence interval (CI) for XPD Lys751Gln and XRCC1 Arg399Gln polymorphisms and risk of age-related cataract were estimated by random and fixed-effects models. Sensitivity analysis was employed to determine the robustness of the conclusions.

Results: Six studies, with a total of 1518 patients with cataractous lenses and 1437 subjects with clear lenses, were included in the meta-analysis. XRCC1 Arg399Gln polymorphisms were associated with cataract risk (recessive model: ORfixed = 0.79, 95% CI: 0.67-0.93; dominant model: ORfixed = 0.84, 95% CI: 0.64-1.11; additive model: ORfixed = 0.82, 95% CI: 0.72-0.92). Analysis of Chinese, but not non-Chinese subgroups, confirmed this association. The OR of XPD Lys751Gln polymorphisms for cataract was not significant. The associations remained significant after sensitivity analysis.

Conclusions: This meta-analysis indicates that XRCC1 Arg399Gln polymorphisms, but not XPD Lys751Gln polymorphisms, are associated with risk of age-related cataract.

Keywords: Age-related cataract; DNA repair genes; meta-analysis; polymorphisms; risk of cataract.