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Review
. 2014:21:51.
doi: 10.1051/parasite/2014051. Epub 2014 Oct 9.

Immune modulation by helminth parasites of ruminants: implications for vaccine development and host immune competence

Tom N McNeilly  1 , Alasdair J Nisbet  2
Affiliations
Review

Immune modulation by helminth parasites of ruminants: implications for vaccine development and host immune competence

Tom N McNeilly et al. Parasite. 2014.

Abstract
in English, French

Parasitic helminths reside in immunologically-exposed extracellular locations within their hosts, yet they are capable of surviving for extended periods. To enable this survival, these parasites have developed complex and multifaceted mechanisms to subvert or suppress host immunity. This review summarises current knowledge of immune modulation by helminth parasites of ruminants and the parasite-derived molecules involved in driving this modulation. Such immunomodulatory molecules have considerable promise as vaccine targets, as neutralisation of their function is predicted to enhance anti-parasite immunity and, as such, current knowledge in this area is presented herein. Furthermore, we summarise current evidence that, as well as affecting parasite-specific immunity, immune modulation by these parasites may also affect the ability of ruminant hosts to control concurrent diseases or mount effective responses to vaccination.

Les helminthes parasites résident dans des localisations extracellulaires immunologiquement exposées au sein de leurs hôtes, mais sont pourtant capables d’y survivre pendant de longues périodes. Pour permettre cette survie, ces parasites ont développé des mécanismes complexes et multiformes de subversion ou de suppression de l’immunité de l’hôte. Cette synthèse fait un résumé des connaissances actuelles sur la modulation immunitaire par les helminthes de ruminants et les molécules dérivées des parasites qui sont impliquées dans cette modulation. De telles molécules immunomodulatrices sont très prometteuses en tant que cibles de la vaccination, puisqu’on prédit que la neutralisation de leur fonction améliorera l’immunité anti-parasite. Les connaissances actuelles dans ce domaine sont présentées ici. De plus, nous résumons les preuves actuelles que la modulation immunitaire par ces parasites peut, en plus d’affecter l’immunité spécifique au parasite, diminuer la capacité des ruminants hôtes à lutter contre les autres maladies ou à mettre en place des réponses efficaces à la vaccination.

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