[Hereditary and familial colorectal cancer]

Abstract

Up to 5% of all colorectal cancer cases are caused by a known hereditary syndrome. These hereditary types often need a higher degree of clinical suspicion to be diagnosed and require specific and specialized management. In addition, diagnosing hereditary colorectal cancer has significant consequences not only for the patient, for whom there are effective preventative measures, but also for their families, who could be carriers of the condition. The most significant advances in the field of colorectal cancer have come from the diagnosis and characterization of these syndromes.

Keywords: Cáncer colorrectal hereditario; Familial adenomatous polyposis; Hereditary colorectal cancer; Lynch syndrome; MUTYH; Poliposis adenomatosa familiar; Poliposis serrada; Serrated polyposis; Síndrome de Lynch.