Assessing quality of life on the day of chemotherapy administration underestimates patients' true symptom burden

Abstract

Background: In chemotherapy trials quality of life (QOL) is assessed mostly at the days of chemotherapy administration (i.e. event-driven) during treatment and follows fixed time intervals in the aftercare phase (i.e. time-driven). Specific QOL impairments and treatment side-effects are known to be time dependent following different trajectories. Therefore, acute problems are likely to be missed if assessments are done infrequently or at inappropriate time points. Since the planning of supportive care interventions during chemotherapy depends on knowledge about symptom trajectories, such information may be of substantial importance to a clinician.

Methods: Cancer patients receiving chemotherapy at Kufstein County Hospital were assessed using an electronic version of the EORTC QLQ-C30 at the day of chemotherapy administration at the hospital. One and two weeks later assessments were repeated via the internet while patients were at home. Assessments at home and the hospital were conducted using the web-based software CHES. Data were analysed by means of linear mixed models.

Results: A sample of 54 chemotherapy outpatients participated in electronic QOL assessments at the hospital and at home. For 9 out of the 15 QOL domains of the EORTC QLQ-C30 patients reported increased burden one week after chemotherapy administration compared to the day of chemotherapy administration. Most pronounced differences were found for Fatigue, Constipation, and Appetite Loss.

Conclusions: Our results indicate that patients experience most severe QOL impairments in the week following chemotherapy administration. This is a period that is usually not covered by QOL assessments in chemotherapy trials which may result in underestimation of true treatment burden. Our findings suggest to conduct QOL assessments not only event- or time-driven, but to rely on specific hypotheses on symptom and functioning trajectories.

Figure 1

EORTC QLQ-C30 functioning scores at the hospital and 1 and 2 week(s) later at home. Dashed lines indicate that differences between hospital- and home-based assessments do not reach clinical relevance (i.e. a 5 point difference [11]).

Figure 2

EORTC QLQ-C30 symptom scores at the hospital and 1 and 2 week(s) later at home. Dashed lines indicate that differences between hospital- and home-based assessments do not reach clinical relevance (i.e. a 5 point difference [11]); non-significant scores not shown.