The effect of aerobic exercise on quality of life among breast cancer survivors: a randomized controlled trial

Abstract

Objective: To determine the effect of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise on the quality of life (QOL) and physical functioning in breast cancer survivors.

Materials and methods: We randomly assigned 62 breast cancer survivors to an exercise (N = 30) or control group (N = 32). The exercise group trained at a moderate intensity progressing from 25 to 40 min over a 10-week period. The control group did not train. Outcomes were assessed at baseline and postintervention. The primary outcomes were overall QOL--as assessed by the functional assessment of cancer therapy-breast (FACT-B) scale. Secondary outcomes were changes in various subscales of overall QOL, and changes in body composition outcomes: body weight, body mass index, and changes in performance in a 12 min walk test (12MWT).

Results: Sixty-two of 73 women randomized (84.9%) completed the study. There were no significant differences amongst the two groups at baseline for any variable. In the exercise group significant improvements were demonstrated for the FACT-B (13.4 points, P < 0.003), functional assessment of cancer therapy-general (FACT-G) (9.16 points, P < 0.008), the functional well-being subscale (P < 0.010), and the emotional well-being subscale (P < 0.035) compared to the control group. No significant changes in body weight or BMI were observed. Exercise group showed a significant increase in 12MWT (P < 0.009).

Conclusion: We conclude that 10 week of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise program significantly improves QOL and physical functioning in breast cancer survivors. Future studies are needed to evaluate the effectiveness of similar exercise programs over longer periods of time and involving a greater number of breast cancer survivors.