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Review
. 2014 Oct 14;20(38):13658-66.
doi: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i38.13658.

MicroRNAs: promising chemoresistance biomarkers in gastric cancer with diagnostic and therapeutic potential

Christiane Matuszcak  1 , Joerg Haier  1 , Richard Hummel  1 , Kirsten Lindner  1
Affiliations
Review

MicroRNAs: promising chemoresistance biomarkers in gastric cancer with diagnostic and therapeutic potential

Christiane Matuszcak et al. World J Gastroenterol. .

Abstract

Gastric cancer (GC) is the fourth most common cancer worldwide and ranks second in global cancer mortality statistics. Perioperative chemotherapy plays an important role in the management and treatment of advanced stage disease. However, response to chemotherapy varies widely, with some patients presenting no or only minor response to treatment. Hence, chemotherapy resistance is a major clinical problem that impacts on outcome. Unfortunately, to date there are no reliable biomarkers available that predict response to chemotherapy before the start of the treatment, or that allow modification of chemotherapy resistance. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) could provide an answer to this problem. miRNAs are involved in the initiation and progression of a variety of cancer types, and there is evidence that miRNAs impact on resistance towards chemotherapeutic drugs as well. This current review aims to provide an overview about the potential clinical applicability of miRNAs as biomarkers for chemoresistance in GC. The authors focus in this context on the potential of miRNAs to predict sensitivity towards different chemotherapeutics, and on the potential of miRNAs to modulate sensitivity and resistance towards chemotherapy in GC.

Keywords: Biomarker; Chemoresistance; Diagnostic; Gastric cancer; MicroRNAs; Therapeutic.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
MicroRNAs and their influence on multidrug resistance in gastric cancer. The figure presents an overview about the targets and pathways that mediate the effects of miRNA manipulation on multidrug resistance in gastric cancer (Data modified from DIANA miRPathv2.0[90]). The arrows indicate the up- or down-regulation of miRNA patterns in gastric cancer cells in vitro. The dashed boxes indicate nucleus related targets. Interrogation marks represent to date unknown intermediate steps. STAT: Signal transducers and activators of transcription; mTOR: Mammalian target of rapamycin; PKB: Protein kinase B.
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