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. 2014 Aug 15;7(9):6079-84.
eCollection 2014.

Ratio of prostate specific antigen to the outer gland volume of prostrate as a predictor for prostate cancer

Hai-Min Zhang  1 , Yang Yan  1 , Fang Wang  1 , Wen-Yu Gu  1 , Guang-Hui Hu  1 , Jun-Hua Zheng  1
Affiliations

Ratio of prostate specific antigen to the outer gland volume of prostrate as a predictor for prostate cancer

Hai-Min Zhang et al. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. .

Abstract

Objective: As a definite diagnosis of prostate cancer, puncture biopsy of the prostate is invasive method. The aim of this study was to evaluate the value of OPSAD (the ratio of PSA to the outer gland volume of prostate) as a non-invasive screening and diagnosis method for prostate cancer in a select population.

Methods: The diagnosis data of 490 subjects undergoing ultrasound-guided biopsy of the prostate were retrospectively analyzed. This included 133 patients with prostate cancer, and 357 patients with benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH).

Results: The OPSAD was significantly greater in patients with prostate cancer (1.87 ± 1.26 ng/ml(2)) than those with BPH (0.44 ± 0.21 ng/ml(2)) (P < 0.05). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis revealed that the performance of OPSAD as a diagnostic tool is superior to PSA and PSAD for the diagnosis of prostate cancer. In the different groups divided according to the Gleason score of prostate cancer, OPSAD is elevated with the rise of the Gleason score.

Conclusion: OPSAD may be used as a new indicator for the diagnosis and prognosis of prostate cancer, and it can reduce the use of unnecessary puncture biopsy of the prostate.

Keywords: Prostate cancer; benign prostate hyperplasia; diagnosis; outer gland of the prostate; prostate specific antigen; prostate specific antigen density.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
A. The age difference of patients with PCA and BPH is no statistical significance (t = 0.8437, P > 0.05). B. The PSA in patients with PCA (37.8 ± 35.6 ng/ml) is higher than that in patients with BPH (11.8 ± 7.9 ng/ml) (t = 13.53, P < 0.05); C. The PV of patients with PCA (39 ± 10 ml) is smaller than that of patients with BPH (52 ± 17 ml (t = 8.073, P < 0.05)); D. The PSAD in patients with PCA (0.93 ± 0.82 ng/ml2) is higher than that in patients with BPH (0.21 ± 0.11 ng/ml2) (t = 16.29, P < 0.05); E. The OPV of patients with PCA (17 ± 7 ml) is smaller than that of patients with BPH (25 ± 9 ml) (t = 8.293, P < 0.05); F. The OPSAD in patients with PCA (1.87 ± 1.26 ng/ml2) is higher than that in patients with BPH (0.44 ± 0.21 ng/ml2) (t = 20.65, P < 0.05); *BPH, benign prostate hyperplasia; PCA, prostate cancer; OPSAD, the ratio of prostate specific antigen to the outer gland volume of prostrate.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Comparation of the sensitivity and specificity of PSA, PSAD, and OPSAD for diagnosis of prostate cancer by ROC curves; the AUC of PSA was 0.772, the AUC of PSAD was 0.862, the AUC of OPSAD was 0.967 (P < 0.05). ROC, receiver operating characteristic; AUC, area under curve; PSA, prostate specific antigen; PSAD, prostate specific antigen density; OPSAD, the ratio of prostate specific antigen to the outer gland volume of prostrate.
Figure 3
Figure 3
OPSAD of PCA is elevated with the rise of Gleason score. Gleason score 6 was 0.92 ± 0.24 ng/ml2; Gleason score 7 was 2.37 ± 1.90 ng/ml2; Gleason score 8 was 3.41 ± 0.35 ng/ml2. The ANOVA test showed that the difference of OPSAD among the groups with Gleason score 6, 7 and 8 (F = 57.53, P < 0.05). *PCA, prostate cancer; OPSAD, the ratio of prostate specific antigen to the outer gland volume of prostrate.
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