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. 2015 May;45(5):1271-80.
doi: 10.1007/s10803-014-2287-3.

Using standardized diagnostic instruments to classify children with autism in the study to explore early development

Lisa D Wiggins  1 , Ann Reynolds, Catherine E Rice, Eric J Moody, Pilar Bernal, Lisa Blaskey, Steven A Rosenberg, Li-Ching Lee, Susan E Levy
Affiliations

Using standardized diagnostic instruments to classify children with autism in the study to explore early development

Lisa D Wiggins et al. J Autism Dev Disord. 2015 May.

Abstract

The Study to Explore Early Development (SEED) is a multi-site case-control study designed to explore the relationship between autism spectrum disorder (ASD) phenotypes and etiologies. The goals of this paper are to (1) describe the SEED algorithm that uses the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R) and Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) to classify children with ASD, (2) examine psychometric properties of different ASD classification methods, including the SEED method that incorporates rules for resolving ADI-R and ADOS discordance, and (3) determine whether restricted interests and repetitive behaviors were noted for children who had instrument discordance resolved using ADI-R social and communication scores. Results support the utility of SEED criteria when well-defined groups of children are an important clinical or research outcome.

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Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Final study classifications for children enrolled in the Study to Explore Early Development. All children defined as ASD received a comprehensive evaluation for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and 11 of these children scored less than 11 points on the Social Communication Questionnaire (SCQ) and did not have a previous ASD diagnosis; Children were not tested for ASD if they did not have a previous ASD diagnosis, scored less than 11 points on the SCQ, and a study clinician did not suspect ASD during a limited evaluation.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Performance on the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R) and Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) among Children in the Study to Explore Early Development (SEED) tested for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Note that SEED ADI-R and ADOS discordance criteria were not mutually exclusive so children could meet more than one criteria.
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