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Observational Study
. 2014 Jul-Sep;29(3):355-9.
doi: 10.5935/1678-9741.20140043.

Evaluation of peripheral muscle strength of patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery: a longitudinal study

Kelli Maria Souza Santos  1 , Manoel Luiz de Cerqueira Neto  1 , Vitor Oliveira Carvalho  1 , Valter Joviniano de Santana Filho  1 , Walderi Monteiro da Silva Junior  1 , Amaro Afrânio Araújo Filho  2 , Telma Cristina Fontes Cerqueira  2 , Lucas de Assis Pereira Cacau  1
Affiliations
Observational Study

Evaluation of peripheral muscle strength of patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery: a longitudinal study

Kelli Maria Souza Santos et al. Rev Bras Cir Cardiovasc. 2014 Jul-Sep.

Abstract
in English, Portuguese

Introduction: Peripheral muscle strength has been little explored in the literature in the context of cardiac rehabilitation.

Objective: To evaluate the peripheral muscle strength of patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery.

Methods: This was a longitudinal observational study. The peripheral muscle strength was measured using isometric dynamometry lower limb (knee extensors and flexors) at three different times: preoperatively (M1), the day of discharge (M2) and hospital discharge (M3). Participants received physiotherapy pre and postoperatively during the days of hospitalization during the morning and afternoon.

Results: Twenty-two patients were evaluated. The values of peripheral muscle strength of knee extensors preoperative found were about 50% lower than those predicted for the healthy population. When comparing muscle strength prior (M1), with the remaining evaluation, found himself in a fall of 29% for the movement of knee extension and 25% for knee flexion in M2 and a decrease of 10% movement for knee extension and 13% for knee flexion in M3 when comparing with M1.

Conclusion: The values of peripheral muscle strength prior of the study patients were lower than predicted for the healthy population of the same age. After the surgical event this reduction is even more remarkable, being reestablished until the time of discharge, to values close to baseline.

Introdução: A força muscular periférica tem sido pouco explorada na literatura atual no contexto da reabilitação cardiovascular.

Objetivo: Avaliar a força muscular periférica de pacientes submetidos à cirurgia cardíaca eletiva.

Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo observacional e longitudinal. A força muscular periférica foi mensurada por meio de dinamometria isométrica de MMII (extensores e flexores de joelho) em três momentos distintos: pré-operatório (M1), dia da alta da unidade de terapia intensiva (M2) e dia da alta hospitalar (M3). Os participantes receberam atendimento fisioterapêutico pré e pós-operatório durante os dias do internamento, nos períodos matutino e vespertino.

Resultados: Foram avaliados 22 pacientes. Os valores de força muscular periférica de extensores de joelho pré-operatórios encontrados foram cerca de 50% menores do que os preditos para a população saudável. Ao comparar a força muscular prévia (M1), com os demais momentos de avaliação, encontrou-se em M2 queda de 29% para o movimento de extensão do joelho e 25% para o movimento de flexão de joelho e queda de 10% para o movimento de extensão do joelho e 13% para o movimento de flexão de joelho em M3 ao comparar com M1.

Conclusão: Os valores de força muscular periférica prévia dos pacientes do estudo foram menores do que o predito para a população saudável com a mesma faixa etária. Após o evento cirúrgico, essa redução é ainda mais notável, sendo reestabelecida até o momento da alta hospitalar a valores próximos ao basal.

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Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Flow of patients in the study.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Peripheral muscle strength. Peripheral muscle strength in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. M1 (preoperative assessment), M2 (assessment on the day of discharge from ICU), M3 (assessment on the day of hospital discharge). The data were assessed using the one-way ANOVA test and Bonferroni post-test.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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