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Review
. 2013 Dec 25;1(1):18-24.
eCollection 2013.

Splicing variants of androgen receptor in prostate cancer

Haitao Zhang  1 , Yang Zhan  2 , Xichun Liu  3 , Yanfeng Qi  2 , Guanyi Zhang  3 , Oliver Sartor  4 , Yan Dong  5
Affiliations
Review

Splicing variants of androgen receptor in prostate cancer

Haitao Zhang et al. Am J Clin Exp Urol. .

Abstract

Significant advances in our understanding of continued androgen receptor (AR) signaling in castration-resistant prostate cancer have led to the development and FDA approval of two next-generation androgen-directed therapies, abiraterone and enzalutamide. These new therapies heralded a new era of prostate cancer therapy. However, disease progression during androgen-directed therapies remains the most critical challenge in the clinical management of prostate cancer. Accumulating evidence points to an important contribution of constitutively-active AR splice variants to AR-driven tumor progression during androgen-directed therapies. In this review, we will focus on the structure, activity, detection, clinical relevance, and mechanisms of production of AR splice variants.

Keywords: AR splice variants; Androgen receptor; castration resistance; prostate cancer.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Schematic representation of the structure of AR-FL and AR-V proteins. U, unique sequence; ZF, zinc finger.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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