Changes in the sexual function during pregnancy

Abstract

Introduction: The physiological changes during each trimester of pregnancy have a significant impact on women's sexual behavior.

Aim: The aim of the work was to assess changes in the sexual function during pregnancy.

Methods: The prospective study encompassed 520 pregnant women aged between 18 and 45, of whom 168 were qualified for the final analysis. The research tool was a purpose-designed research questionnaire and the standardized Female Sexual Function Index.

Main outcome measures: To assess changes in the sexual function among pregnant women aged 18-45 in the three pregnancy trimesters.

Results: All the studied parameters, i.e., desire, arousal, lubrication, orgasm, satisfaction, and pain, decreased significantly with the progression of pregnancy. Analyzing the frequency of sexual intercourse in the studied group before and during pregnancy, a statistically significant decrease (P<0.000001) was observed. Sexual desire changed statistically significantly (P=0.0004). The direction of change concerned decreased sexual desire in the three trimesters compared with the situation before pregnancy. Statistical significance was demonstrated for: decreased sexual desire (P=0.00007), partner's reluctance (P=0.002), and pregnancy-related changes in appearance (P=0.03).

Conclusions: Sexual function was compromised and sexual activity decreased as the pregnancy progressed. Changes in the domains of arousal, lubrication, and orgasm were particularly notable in primaparae in the third trimester of pregnancy. Unsatisfying partner relationship was a significant factor affecting the quality of sexual life during pregnancy.

Keywords: Partner Relationship; Pregnancy; Sexual Behavior; Sexual Function in the Three Trimesters of Pregnancy.