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. 2014 Dec 1;5(12):4545-4553.
doi: 10.1039/C4SC02099E.

Late-stage [18F]Fluorination: New Solutions to Old Problems

Allen F Brooks  1 , Joseph J Topczewski  2 , Naoko Ichiishi  2 , Melanie S Sanford  2 , Peter J H Scott  3
Affiliations

Late-stage [18F]Fluorination: New Solutions to Old Problems

Allen F Brooks et al. Chem Sci. .

Abstract

The last 2-3 years have seen numerous relationships develop between organometallic chemists, fluorine chemists and PET Centers around the world. These collaborations have led to the development of many new strategies for the late-stage introduction of fluorine-18 into complex bioactive molecules. In this perspective we highlight recent developments and key milestones since 2011.

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Figures

Scheme 1
Scheme 1
Reactions of Aryl Iodonium Salts and Iodonium Ylides with Fluorine-18.,
Scheme 2
Scheme 2
Palladium-catalyzed [18F]Fluorination
Scheme 3
Scheme 3
Nickel-mediated Oxidative [18F]Fluorination.
Scheme 4
Scheme 4
Copper-Catalyzed [18F]Fluorination of (Mesityl)(Aryl)Iodonium Salts.
Scheme 5
Scheme 5
[18F]Fluorination of Aryl and (Hetero)aryl Boronic Esters.
Scheme 6
Scheme 6
Metal-free Oxidative [18F]Fluorination of Phenols.
Scheme 7
Scheme 7
Metal-catalyzed Allylic Fluorination Reactions.
Scheme 8
Scheme 8
Enantioselective Radiosynthesis of Radiotracers Containing [18F]Fluorohydrins.
Scheme 9
Scheme 9
Late-stage Benzylic C-H Fluorination.
Scheme 10
Scheme 10
New Strategies for Alkyl [18F]Trifluoromethylation.
Scheme 11
Scheme 11
New Strategies for [18F]Trifluoromethylation of Arenes.
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