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Review
. 2014:2014:732603.
doi: 10.1155/2014/732603. Epub 2014 Oct 14.

Radiolabeled apoptosis imaging agents for early detection of response to therapy

Kazuma Ogawa  1 , Miho Aoki  1
Affiliations
Review

Radiolabeled apoptosis imaging agents for early detection of response to therapy

Kazuma Ogawa et al. ScientificWorldJournal. 2014.

Abstract

Since apoptosis plays an important role in maintaining homeostasis and is associated with responses to therapy, molecular imaging of apoptotic cells could be useful for early detection of therapeutic effects, particularly in oncology. Radiolabeled annexin V compounds are the hallmark in apoptosis imaging in vivo. These compounds are reviewed from the genesis of apoptosis (cell death) imaging agents up to recent years. They have some disadvantages, including slow clearance and immunogenicity, because they are protein-based imaging agents. For this reason, several studies have been conducted in recent years to develop low molecule apoptosis imaging agents. In this review, radiolabeled phosphatidylserine targeted peptides, radiolabeled bis(zinc(II)-dipicolylamine) complex, radiolabeled 5-fluoropentyl-2-methyl-malonic acid (ML-10), caspase-3 activity imaging agents, radiolabeled duramycin, and radiolabeled phosphonium cation are reviewed as promising low-molecular-weight apoptosis imaging agents.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Structures of (a) 99mTc-BTAP-annexin V, (b) 99mTc-HYNIC-annexin V, and (c) 99mTc-C3(BHam)2-annexin V.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Structures of (a) SAAC-PSBP-6 and (b) SAAC(Re)-PSBP-6 and SAAC(99mTc)-PSBP-6.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Structures of (a) 99mTc-labeled Zn2+-DPA with 99mTc-tricarbonyl core, (b) 99mTc-labeled Zn2+-DPA with 99mTc-HYNIC, (c) 18F-FEN-DPAZn2, and (d) 18F-FB-DPAZn2.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Structures of (a) 18F-ML-10 and (b) 123I-ML-10.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Structures of (a) Isatin, (b) (S)-1-benzyl-5-[1-[2-(phenoxymethyl)pyrrolidinyl]sulfonyl]isatin, (c) WC-II-89, and (d) [18F]ICMT-11.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Structure of duramycin.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Structure of [18F]-p-fluorobenzyl triphenylphosphonium cation (18F-FBnTP).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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