Retracted: Association of ACE I/D gene polymorphism with T2DN susceptibility and the risk of T2DM developing into T2DN in a Caucasian population

Abstract

Background and objective: The association of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) insertion/deletion (I/D) gene polymorphism with type-2 diabetic nephropathy (T2DN) susceptibility and the risk of type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) developing into T2DN in Caucasian populations is still controversial. A meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the association of ACE I/D gene polymorphism with T2DN susceptibility and the risk of T2DM developing into T2DN in Caucasian populations.

Method: A predefined literature search and selection of eligible relevant studies were performed to collect data from electronic databases.

Results: Sixteen articles were identified for the analysis of the association of ACE I/D gene polymorphism with T2DN susceptibility and the risk of T2DM developing into T2DN in Caucasian populations. ACE I/D gene polymorphism was not associated with T2DN susceptibility and the risk of patients with T2DM developing T2DN in Caucasian populations. Sensitivity analysis according to sample size of case (<100 vs. ≥100) was also performed, and the results were similar to the non-sensitivity analysis.

Conclusions: ACE I/D gene polymorphism was not associated with T2DN susceptibility and the risk of patients with T2DM developing T2DN in Caucasian populations. However, more studies should be performed in the future.

Keywords: Type-2 diabetic nephropathy (T2DN); angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE); insertion/deletion (I/D) gene polymorphism; meta-analysis; type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).