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Review
. 2014 Nov 16;2(11):676-82.
doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v2.i11.676.

Recurrent anterior shoulder instability: Review of the literature and current concepts

Hakan Sofu  1 , Sarper Gürsu  1 , Nizamettin Koçkara  1 , Ali Oner  1 , Ahmet Issın  1 , Yalkın Camurcu  1
Affiliations
Review

Recurrent anterior shoulder instability: Review of the literature and current concepts

Hakan Sofu et al. World J Clin Cases. .

Abstract

The purpose of this review article is to discuss the clinical spectrum of recurrent traumatic anterior shoulder instability with the current concepts and controversies at the scientific level. Because of increasing participation of people from any age group of the population in sports activities, health care professionals dealing with the care of trauma patients must have a thorough understanding of the anatomy, patho-physiology, risk factors, and management of anterior shoulder instability. The risk factors for recurrent shoulder dislocation are young age, participation in high demand contact sports activities, presence of Hill-Sachs or osseous Bankart lesion, previous history of ipsilateral traumatic dislocation, ipsilateral rotator cuff or deltoid muscle insufficiency, and underlying ligamentous laxity. Achieving the best result for any particular patient depends on the procedure that allows observation of the joint surfaces, provides the anatomical repair, maintains range of motion, and also can be applied with low rates of complications and recurrence. Although various surgical techniques have been described, a consensus does not exist and thus, orthopedic surgeons should follow and try to improve the current evidence-based treatment modalities for the patients.

Keywords: Dislocation; Glenohumeral joint; Recurrent instability; Review; Shoulder.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The Bankart lesion on magnetic resonance imaging.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Apprehension and relocation tests.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Anteroposterior shoulder view and scapular Y view radiographs.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Engaging Hill-Sachs lesion leading to recurrent anterior instability (A) and Hill-Sachs lesion on magnetic resonance imaging (B).
Figure 5
Figure 5
Degenerative arthritis secondary to chronic instability.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Rotator-cuff tear in a patient with recurrent anterior instability.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Treatment algorithm that we follow in our clinical practice.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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