Concise reviews: the role of biomechanics in the limbal stem cell niche: new insights for our understanding of this structure

Abstract

The limbal stem cell niche is a structure of the ocular surface that is characterized by high specification, organization, and clinical significance. Harboring the limbal epithelial stem cells, which are the progenitor cells of the corneal epithelium, it provides a niche environment that guarantees the self-renewal of the corneal epithelial stem cells throughout life. Growth factors, stromal niche cells, and specific extracellular matrix compositions provide this environment. In recent years, another important component has been added to this list: the biomechanical aspect of the niche. This review focuses on this new and still underestimated aspect, which exhibits a direct effect on cells and can also influence growth and differentiation.

Keywords: Biomechanics; Elastic modulus; Limbal stem cell niche; Nanotopography.