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Review
. 2015 Jan;22(1):94-112.
doi: 10.1111/acem.12538. Epub 2014 Nov 25.

Early management of patients with acute heart failure: state of the art and future directions--a consensus document from the SAEM/HFSA acute heart failure working group

Sean P Collins  1 , Alan B Storrow, Phillip D Levy, Nancy Albert, Javed Butler, Justin A Ezekowitz, G Michael Felker, Gregory J Fermann, Gregg C Fonarow, Michael M Givertz, Brian Hiestand, Judd E Hollander, David E Lanfear, Peter S Pang, W Frank Peacock, Douglas B Sawyer, John R Teerlink, Daniel J Lenihan
Affiliations
Review

Early management of patients with acute heart failure: state of the art and future directions--a consensus document from the SAEM/HFSA acute heart failure working group

Sean P Collins et al. Acad Emerg Med. 2015 Jan.

Abstract

Heart failure (HF) afflicts nearly 6 million Americans, resulting in 1 million emergency department (ED) visits and over 1 million annual hospital discharges. The majority of inpatient admissions originate in the ED; thus, it is crucial that emergency physicians and other providers involved in early management understand the latest developments in diagnostic testing, therapeutics, and alternatives to hospitalization. This article discusses contemporary ED management as well as the necessary next steps for ED-based acute HF research.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
A conceptual model of acute heart failure risk stratification in the ED based on known predictors of risk for mortality or serious adverse events, presence of absence of comorbidities, and self-care issues. Such an algorithm may augment clinical judgment in disposition decisions. ICU = intensive care unit.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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