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. 2014 Sep;18(5):560-6.
doi: 10.4103/0972-124X.142440.

Evaluation of the nanostructure of cervical third cementum in health and chronic periodontitis: An in vitro study

Subramoniam Sundaram  1 , Rajagopalan Ramaseshan  2 , Sitaram Dash  2 , Suresh Ranga Rao  1
Affiliations

Evaluation of the nanostructure of cervical third cementum in health and chronic periodontitis: An in vitro study

Subramoniam Sundaram et al. J Indian Soc Periodontol. 2014 Sep.

Abstract

Background: During the progression of periodontal disease, the cementum undergoes alterations in its structure and composition. Understanding the nanostructure of cementum, in terms of its mechanical properties, will provide an insight into the milieu that periodontal ligament cells encounter in health and chronic periodontitis. This study aims to analyze the nanomechanical properties of the cervical third of the cementum (transverse section) in health and chronic periodontitis.

Materials and methods: Twenty teeth (10 healthy and 10 periodontally diseased) were collected and the nanomechanical properties of the transverse section of the cervical third cementum were evaluated with depth-sensing nanoindentation technique under dry conditions. A total of 100 nanoindentations were performed to analyze the modulus of elasticity and hardness of cervical third of the cementum.

Results: The nanomechanical properties of the healthy cervical third cementum sections were significantly higher (P < 0.05) (hardness: 0.720 ± 0.305 GPa; modulus: 15.420 ± 3.902 GPa) than the diseased cementum section (hardness: 0.422 ± 0.157 GPa; modulus: 11.056 ± 3.434 GPa).

Conclusion: The results of our study indicate that the hardness and modulus of elasticity of the cervical third cementum decreases significantly in chronic periodontitis.

Keywords: Chronic periodontitis; dental cementum; nanoindentation; periodontal regeneration.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of Interest: None declared.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
(a) (Color online) Transverse section of the cervical third cementum after decoronation and (b) Transverse section of the cervical third cementum before embedding in resin
Figure 2
Figure 2
Schematic of the sectioning of the cervical third of the root and the cementum surface characterized using nanoindentation and scanning electron microscopy
Figure 3
Figure 3
CSM nanoindenter apparatus
Figure 4
Figure 4
Optical microscope image of the transverse sections of the cervical third cementum Open arrow - Dentin, White arrow - Resin, Black arrow showing the impression of the indent in the middle portion of the cervical cementum
Figure 5
Figure 5
Scanning electron microscopy micrograph of the outer surface of the healthy cervical third cementum (at ×6011 magnification)
Figure 6
Figure 6
Scanning electron microscopy micrograph of the outer surface of the diseased cervical third cementum section (at ×6011 magnification)
Figure 7
Figure 7
(Color online) Typical nanoindentation profiles of healthy and diseased cervical third cementum
Figure 8
Figure 8
Comparison of hardness values of healthy and diseased cervical third cementum (n = 10)
Figure 9
Figure 9
Comparison of modulus of elasticity values of healthy and diseased cervical third cementum (n = 10)
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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