BMP-7 versus BMP-2 for the treatment of long bone nonunion

Abstract

The authors compared the results of treating nonunion with either bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-7 or BMP-2. Between 2001 and 2009, 214 limb segments were treated for nonunion with either BMP-7 or BMP-2 at the authors' institution. Sixty-three subjects received 76 units of BMP-7. Radiographic healing occurred in 70% of limb segments at an average of 30 weeks after surgery, and 75% of limb segments were weight bearing at an average of 23 weeks after surgery. In 15.8%, persistent nonunion necessitated additional surgery. Average follow-up was 32 months. One hundred twelve subjects received 138 units of BMP-2. Radiographic healing occurred in 93% of limb segments at an average of 19 weeks after surgery, and 88% were weight bearing at an average of 15 weeks after surgery. In 6.25%, persistent nonunion necessitated additional surgery. Average follow-up was 17 months. Several significant differences were observed. Patients in both BMP-7 and BMP-2 groups were able to fully weight bear at an average of 23 and 15 weeks, respectively (P<.001). Further, both BMP-7 and BMP-2 groups healed at an average of 30 and 19 weeks, respectively (P<.001). Additionally, healing occurred in more limb segments in the BMP-2 group (93%) than in the BMP-7 group (70%) (P<.001). No difference in the complication rate was seen between groups. Patients who received BMP-2 for the treatment of nonunion had a higher rate of radiographic healing, achieved radiographic healing more quickly, and were able to bear weight sooner than those who underwent treatment with BMP-7.