[Fanconi syndrome in a 22-year-old African patient]

Abstract

Acquired Fanconi syndrome can occur in patients with monoclonal gammopathy or after exposure to heavy metals or drug agents such as ifosfamide, and some antiretroviral therapies. Fanconi syndrome is characterized by a dysfunctional of the proximal tubular responsible in its complete form for polyuria, hypokalemia, glycosuria, hypophosphatemia and low molecular weight proteinuria. We report the case of a 22-year-old patient hospitalized with an acute renal failure secondary to a tubulo-interstitial nephritis associated with a complete Fanconi syndrome in a context of a poor general condition and fever. We described and analyzed the process leading to the diagnosis.

Keywords: Acute renal failure; Fanconi syndrome; Insuffisance rénale aiguë; Néphrite tubulo-interstitielle; Syndrome de Fanconi; Tubulo-interstitial nephritis.